Business data communications stallings ebook




















Digital video cameras capture moving images digitally. In essence, this is done by taking a series of digital photographs, at a rate of at least 30 frames per second. Digital video cameras use either interlacing or progressive scan, in which all the lines of each frame are drawn in sequence.

Progressive scan is used for computer monitors and most HDTV high-definition television schemes. It is one of the most important VTC standards and is widely supported in unified communications systems.

In general, in order to increase productivity, system response times should be kept to 2 seconds or less. For the World Wide Web, site response time should be 3 seconds or less to ensure user interest levels are kept high.

However, it now appears that productivity increases as rapid response times are achieved. Normally, the response time for a business application should be as fast as possible. However, it is also important to ensure that the system does not react so fast that the user cannot keep up.

For example, if the response to a user action is not displayed long enough for the user to read or react to, potential productivity gains from rapid response times cannot be realized. Today, if the application reacts in a tenth of a second 0. Users notice a delay of 1. Hence, response times between 0. QoE can be affected by the extent to which QoS is used to improve the performance and user engagement with the application or service.

Network elements that facilitate flexibility, security, cost, mobility, and personalization may contribute positively to QoE for users of a particular network application or service. In business networks, throughput is the average rate of message delivery over a communication channel or the network as a whole.

It can be thought of as the total bandwidth capacity of a communications channel or network and can be measured in various ways including bits per second, bytes per second, or packets per second. Throughput can be affected by numerous factors including communication media, media access control protocols, switch and router capabilities, security mechanisms, network congestion, the configuration of end devices, and appropriate use of QoS mechanisms.

Investment in network infrastructure and business software upgrades is often driven by the need for greater throughput, improved QoS, and perceived QoS or QoE. Increased throughput can contribute to improved response times and enhanced worker productivity.

The grading rubric should include presence of descriptions of IVR benefits realized by three or more businesses and the reasons why IVR was implemented. It should also include a general description of IVR use by businesses.

The grading rubric should include identification of multiple IP-PBX capabilities and the business benefits of these capabilities.

We allow one extra character per word for spaces and punctuation. Thus, the total number of characters is about 6. Transmission time at 1. In order to store the image as raw data, 8,, bytes are needed. The compression ratio achieved by using CLUT encoding is almost The rubric should include descriptions of how three or more specific business examples of TVoIP usage.

Data being captured and stored includes documents, e-mail messages, voice- mail messages, text messages, and social media data. Other data sources being captured, transmitted, and stored include Web logs, Internet documents, Internet search indexing, call detail records, scientific research data and results, military surveillance, medical records, video archives, and e-commerce transactions.

Continuing declines in storage costs, the maturation of data mining and business intelligence BI tools, and government regulations and court cases have caused organizations to stockpile large masses of structured and unstructured data.

Data sets continue to grow with more and more being gathered by remote sensors, mobile devices, cameras, microphones, radio frequency identification RFID readers, and similar technologies. A data center is a facility that houses computer systems and their associated components including storage and telecommunication systems. A data center can occupy a single room in a building, one or more floors, or an entire building. Much of the equipment inside a data center consists of servers mounted in rack cabinets that are placed in rows that form corridors aisles that enable people access to both the front and the rear of each cabinet.

Because mainframe computers and storage devices can be comparable in size to the rack cabinets, they are placed alongside the racks. To ensure proper performance of the servers and computing equipment, air -conditioning is used to control temperature and humidity in the data center. Instead, users transmit data to the centralized data processing facility where it is processed by applications running on the computers that are located there.

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